The major differences between the exoteric and esoteric path of Islam Essay

The major differences between the exoteric and esoteric path of Islam - Essay Example The exoteric path in contemporary Islam is composed of moderates and outnumbers the esoteric path of the radicals but still stands hijacked by nascent Islamic radicalism. Islam is typically perceived as one, whole and uniformly practiced religion but reality belies this simplified disposition. The paths of exoteric and esoteric Islam are well differentiated and this paper seeks to discuss the major differences between both. The largest difference between the exoteric Muslims and the esoteric Muslims is their attitude towards the propagation of religion. The esoteric Muslims see Islam as the ultimate solution for mankind and believe that it their responsibility to enforce Islam around the globe. Such quarters see Islam as the final solution for every problem that mankind faces ranging from emotional problems to population control. Sayyid Qutb, one of the founding fathers of modern radical Islam argues in his text Milestones (Qutb 57): â€Å"... annihilate all those political and mate rial powers which stand between people and Islam ...† In contrast, the original teachings of Islam are far more peaceful and refrains the believer from imposing his version of religion on the other person, whether Muslim or non Muslim. The Prophet of Islam was a staunch believer in religious pluralism including within Islamic realms. The Prophet of Islam, Muhammad, has been quoted as saying (Ernst 1045): â€Å"Difference of opinion is a mercy for my community.† Additionally, religious pluralism has been favored in the sacred text of Islam, the Quran. The Quran’s second chapter, Al Baqra, declares openly that the believers are not allowed to force other people into their religious fold. Islam has historically relied on preaching through peaceful means including open interaction with non Muslims. The earliest traditions from Islam, including the time when early Muslims were being prosecuted in Makkah, show that forced conversions and the imposition of religious doc trine on other religions was not allowed. The same can be said of the times when the Muslims were in power and had taken control of large swaths of the globe. The reign of Umar is mentionable in this regard. In around a decade Umar was able to expand the Islamic frontiers manifold through armed conflict but again Islam was not imposed on the conquered people (Ahmed 34). Instead, Islam was spread in most of the conquered areas through open interaction with the non Muslims. Even with the existence of evidence to the contrary, today’s radical Islamists are bent upon furthering Islam through violent means. A major problem that Islam faces like other major religions is the loss in translation. Islam was originally revealed in the Arabian Peninsula and the medium of communication and instruction remained Arabic. The Prophet Muhammad was Arab and was not instructed in other languages, so his entire set of instructions for Islam has been preserved in Arabic. Similarly, the Quran was revealed and the scribed in Arabic too. There were initially no problems as to the use of Arabic since the early converts and most of the converts in the Prophet’s own lifetime were Arabs. However, as the Islamic empire began to spread under the Rightly Guided Caliphs, the need for taking up other languages became apparent. It was felt that translating massive works of Quran and Hadith into other languages would abrade the meanings of the original texts. In an effort to

Corporate finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Corporate finance - Essay Example Therefore, the depreciation for the last is uniform and equal to $ 9,143. In the second scenario, a brand new control system at a cost of $600,000 is installed. The revenue remains the same, but the operational costs are reduced to $1,020,000. The calculation of revenue, operational costs, tax depreciation, and pre-tax profit, company’s tax, after tax income, cash flow, present value and net present value are calculated as in the first scenario. In the two scenarios, overhauling mark 1 would take it out of service for 6 months and it would resume commercial operation after an year. In the calculation done, the revenue is obtained starting second year and the operational costs are calculated from second year. The tax depreciation however, starts from the first year and the after tax income for the first year is seen to be negative meaning a loss is incurred in the first year since investment have been made yet no revenue is earned. The amount obtained after selling Mark 1 is assumed to be part of the cash used to purchase the new plane and is therefore, deducted from the initial cost. The total operating cost is the sum of annual operating costs incremented by 2.5% inflation rate every year for 20 years. There is no operating cost in the first year as the plane is delivered in the second year. From the analysis done above and the calculation of Net Present Value of the two scenarios involving overhauling of Mark 1 plane and buying a new plane, the following recommendations are hereby presented. The investment that gives a higher Net Present Value is the best provided they have the same lives (Hill 26). Overhauling Mark 1 without purchasing new control system gave an NPV of $ 150,050 while if a new control system is purchased, the NPV is $365,942.10. From the two results, inclusion of a new control system gave a higher NPV and hence considering the two options, the best investment is to purchase a new control system for the plane. When annual